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HAZARD
OR THREAT (H):
Probability
that a phenomenon, natural or man-made, occurs at a
specific time and place. (Potential) danger of damages
to lives and material goods. Possibility to which the
inhabitants of a specific location are exposed. Threats
may be classified in three categories according to their
origin:
- Geological (land) that includes earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, avalanches, and landslides.
- Hydro-meteorological (water) such as floods, hurricanes, rain.
- Technological (human culture), such as the possible breakage of a poliduct, fires or toxic waste from industrial and agricultural activities. It is important to indicate that threats could chain to each other, thus raising the probability of a disaster.
Source:
Regional Disaster Information Center. Bibliodes: Prevention
Pays. 1999, no. 28.
Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgo
y Atención de Emergencias. Glosario. San José,
C.R. p.5
VULNERABILITY
(V):
A fragile society is vulnerable. A vulnerable society is less capable of absorbing the consequences of natural or man-made disasters, provoked by phenomena or frequent accidents of lesser magnitude, by one of great magnitude, or by the accumulation of phenomena of varied intensity. Vulnerability is also the weakness, incapacity or difficulty to avoid, resist, survive and overcome a disaster.
Source:
Regional Disaster Information Center. Bibliodes: Prevention
Pays. 1999, no. 28.
Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgo
y Atención de Emergencias. Glossary. San José,
C.R. p.5
RISK (R): :
Probability of social, environmental and economic damages, in a given place and a determined exposure time. Schematically speaking, risk is the outcome of one or more threats and of vulnerability factors:
V
* H= R
Source:
Regional Disaster Information Center. Bibliodes: Prevention
Pays. 1999, no. 28.
TECHNOLOGICAL
THREAT:
Presence of
a factor that endangers human beings, their infrastructure
and their environment, given the possibility of a technological
accident.
Source:
Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgos y Atención
de Emergencias. Training Module: Disasters and Technological
Emergencies. San José, C.R. p. 21
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